The need to offer a hermeneutic theory about the interpretation of the sacred scriptures is of great importance. In response to the inappropriate interpretations of the Bible, Baruch Spinoza, the Jewish theologian and philosopher, tried to give in a hermeneutic theory. In this article, first his hermeneutic theory is explained based on the role of the four main components of author, interpreter, text, and method and with reference to the works of Spinoza. Then, pointing out the difficulties of Spinoza’s theory from his own viewpoint, his theory is compared to the traditional, modern, and postmodern approaches of hermeneutics. In this evaluation, although Spinoza’s hermeneutic theory is classified as a traditional hermeneutic theory, it is shown that he has moved away from the traditional readings before him and has paved the way for the modern hermeneutic to some extent. Spinoza’s attention to the effect of the interpreter’s awareness of the context, beliefs, and the viewpoints of the authors of the Bible in the process of interpretation is among the positive points of his theory. However, some components of his theory such as the attribution of non-realism to the Biblical text, the recommendation to remove the viewpoints and beliefs of the interpreter, the sufficiency of understanding the Bible based on its epistemic principle, and the ignorance of many Biblical teachings cannot be defended.
ابن میمون، موسی (بیتا). دلاله الحائرین، ویراست دکتر آتابای، قاهره: مکتبه الثقافه الدینیه.
حسنی، حمیدرضا (1389). عوامل فهم متن در دانش هرمنوتیک و علم اصول استنباط از دیدگاه پل ریکور و محقق اصفهانی، تهران: هرمس.
کاپلستون، فردریک چارلز (1391). تاریخ فلسفه، ج 2، ترجمۀ ابراهیم دادجو، تهران: علمی فرهنگی.
The Bible
Brown, Norman O. (1986). “Philosophy and Prophecy: Spinoza's Hermenutics”, Political Theory (Sage) 14, pp.195-213.
Bultman, R. (1958). Jesus Christ and Mythology, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
Curley, Edwin (1994). "Notes On a Neglected Masterpiece: Spinoza and The Sience Of Hermenutics", In Spinoza: The Enduring Questions, by Graeme Hunter, Toronto: Toronto University Press.
Copleston, Frederick Charles (2008). A History of Philosophy, Translated by Ebrahim Dadjo, Tehran, Elmi-Farhangi Press. (in Persian)
Diamond, James Arthur (2011). "Maimonides, Spinoza, and Buber Read the Hebrew Bible: The Hermeneutical Keys of Divine “Fire” and “Spirit” (Ruach) ", The Journal of Religion (The University of Chicago Press) 91 pp. 320-343. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/659772.
Gottlieb, Michah (2007). "Spinoza's Method of Biblical Interpretation Riconsidered", Jewish Studies Quarterly (Mohr Siebeck Gmbh & Co. KG) 14, pp.286-317.
Hassani, Hamid Reza (2010).Elements of Text Understanding in Hermeneutics and U'sul Science from View Point of Poul Ricœur and Mohaghegh-e-Isfahani, Tehran, Hermes Press. (in Persian).
Lang, Berel (1989). "The Politics of Interpretation: Spinoza's Modernist Turn", The Review of Metaphysics (Philosophy Education Society Inc.) 43, pp.327-356.
Levene, Nancy K. (2004). Spinoza's Revelation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Mantzavinos, C. (2005). Naturalistic Hermeneutics, Translated by Darrel Arnold. Cambridge University.
Maimonides, (?), The Guidance of Perplexed, Edited by Dr. Atabay, Cario, Maktabato Al-Thaghafa Al-diniah (in Arabic).
Palmer, E. Richard (1969). Hermeneutics, Interpretation Theory in Schleiermacher, Northwestern University Press.
Rudavsky, Tamar (2001). "Galileo and Spinoza: Heroes, Heretics, and Hermeneutics", History of Ideas (University of Pennsylvania Press) 611-631.
Savan, David (1986). "Spinoza: Scientist and Theorist of Scientific Method", In Spinoza and the sciences, by MARJORIE GRENE. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
Spinoza, Benedict (2009). Ethics, Translated by R.H.M. Elwes. Floating Press.
—(2007). Theological Political Treatise. Edited by Jonathan Israel. Translated by Michael Silverthorne and Jonathan Israel. Cambridge: Cambridge Press.
Wolfson, Harry Austryn (1934). The Philosophy of Spinoza, 2 Vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Bagheri,M A and Bayat,M R . (2021). The Evaluation of Spinoza’s Hermeneutic Theory. Philosophy of Religion, 18(4), 495-518. doi: 10.22059/jpht.2021.316453.1005807
MLA
Bagheri,M A , and Bayat,M R . "The Evaluation of Spinoza’s Hermeneutic Theory", Philosophy of Religion, 18, 4, 2021, 495-518. doi: 10.22059/jpht.2021.316453.1005807
HARVARD
Bagheri M A, Bayat M R. (2021). 'The Evaluation of Spinoza’s Hermeneutic Theory', Philosophy of Religion, 18(4), pp. 495-518. doi: 10.22059/jpht.2021.316453.1005807
CHICAGO
M A Bagheri and M R Bayat, "The Evaluation of Spinoza’s Hermeneutic Theory," Philosophy of Religion, 18 4 (2021): 495-518, doi: 10.22059/jpht.2021.316453.1005807
VANCOUVER
Bagheri M A, Bayat M R. The Evaluation of Spinoza’s Hermeneutic Theory. Philosophy of Religion. 2021;18(4):495-518 (In Persian). doi: 10.22059/jpht.2021.316453.1005807
