Innovative Opinion of Allameh Tabatabai About Qadha and Qadr

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Philosophy, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

10.22059/jpht.2025.384817.1006083

Abstract

Qadha and Qadr is one of the important intellectual and philosophical issues which, although rooted in religious beliefs, can overshadow many important matters related to human life. Considering the importance of this issue, Islamic philosophers have endeavored to explain Qadha and Qadr. It is clear that they have conducted this analysis based on their philosophical foundations. Most of the philosophers, by accepting the science of grace and the science of the origin of verbs for God, have proposed Qadha and Qadr in connection with divine science. Allameh Tabatabai, in a different approach, with the two worlds of command and creation, and the characteristics related to these two worlds, has considered Qadha to be current in both worlds, and holds divine destiny to be related to the world of creation. By refuting the science of observation, rejecting determinism and explaining God's special relationship with creatures, he was able to prove God's direct knowledge and efficacy in detail, unlike the philosophers of the past. Therefore, he proved objective judgment and destiny in connection with God's efficacy in a different way. Thus, in terms of existence and evidence, in the world of facts and in the system of creation, every action is God's action and divine decree, and in terms of attribution to the subject, in the system of validity and legislation, it is the action of man and divine destiny. In this research, while explaining the fundamentals of Allameh Tabatabai, it is clarified what his innovation in expressing Qadha and Qadr is, and how this innovation can favorably explain the debates related to Qadha and Qadr.

Keywords

References

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Philosophy of Religion
Volume 21, Issue 4
January 2025
Pages 301-315

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