Critical Reflections on the "Epistemology of Religious Belief" by Professor Motahari

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD candidate in Islamic Philosophy and Theology, Department of Philosophy, Religions and Mysticism, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran - Iran

2 Professor of the Department of Philosophy, Religions and Mysticism, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

10.22059/jpht.2024.372456.1006029

Abstract

The theory of nature has a privileged position among monotheistic thinkers in both Christianity and Islam. In Christianity, the theory of nature became prominent because the teachings of Christianity lacked the capacity of reasonableness. Therefore, Christian thinkers tried to address this shortcoming by establishing the theory of nature. According to this theory, they could make many Christian teachings seem reasonable. In the Islamic world, many contemporary thinkers were committed to the theory of nature according to some Islamic verses and traditions. However, what is important is that this theory, in the last few decades, has gained traction among Muslim thinkers, according to Motahari's scientific point of view.. Motahari in opposition to the anthropological theories of materialist schools, such as Marxism and existentialism which considers the essence of human existence to be material, proposed the theory of nature to negate the view of human materialism, and established a new framework in Islamic anthropology. The purpose of this research is to critically examine Professor Motahari's opinions regarding the theory of nature, which is derived from the epistemology of his religious belief. He examines religious belief through the relationship between reason and faith, advocating for  the theory of nature. In this research, according to the reflections and criticisms that can be directed at the theory of nature, it becomes clear that this theory does not have the desired function. Therefore, those who hold opinions on this matter should build a foundation characterized by the  reasonableness of religious belief(s).

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References

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Philosophy of Religion
Volume 21, Issue 2
July 2024
Pages 129-144

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